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What Does “Estimate to Nearest Tens” Mean?
Estimating to the nearest tens means rounding a number to the closest multiple of 10.
This makes calculations easier and faster, especially in mental math.
For Example:
Rules for Rounding to the Nearest Tens:
Follow these simple steps:
Step I: Look at the ones digit (last digit of the number).
Step II: If the ones digit is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 → round DOWN
Step III: If the ones digit is 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9 → round UP
The numbers that are halfway or above are rounded off to the next 10 and the numbers that are less than halfway are rounded off to the existing 10.
For Example:
(i) 24 is closer to 20 (or less than halfway). So, it can be rounded down to 20.
(ii) 26 is closer to 30 (or above the halfway). So, it can be rounded up to 30.
(iii) 25 is closer to 30 (or at the halfway). So, it can be rounded up to 30.
Steps for Rounding to the Nearest Tens:
In order to estimate to nearest tens, we follow the following procedure:
Step I: Obtain the number.
Step II: Examine the digit at ones place.
Step III: If the digit at ones place is less than 5, then replace the ones digit by 0 and keep the other digits as they are;
If the digit at ones place is 5 or greater than 5, then increase tens digit by 1 and replace the ones digit by 0.
The number so obtained is the number obtained by rounding off the given number to the nearest tens.
Now, let us consider some of the examples how to estimate to nearest tens.
Examples of Estimating to Nearest Tens:
1. Round off each of the following numbers to the nearest tens:
(i) 79
Ones or unit digit in 79 is 9, which is greater than 5.
So, we replace the ones digit by 0 and increase the tens digit by 1 to get the rounded off number.
Hence, rounded off number = 80.
(ii) 44
The given number is 44.
Its ones or unit digit is 4, which is less than 5. So, we replace the ones digit by 0 to get the rounded off number.
Hence, rounded off number = 40.
(iii) 758
The given number is 758.
Its ones or unit digit is 8, which is greater than 5. So, we replace the
ones digit by 0 and increase the tens digit by 1 to get the rounded off
number.
Hence, 758 is rounded off as 760 to the nearest tens.
(iv) 9009
The given number is 9009.
Its ones or unit digit is 9, which is greater than 5. So, we increase
the tens digit by 1 and replace the ones digit by 0 to get the rounded
off number.
Hence, rounded off number = 9010.
(v) 50001
The given number is 50001.
Its ones or unit digit is 1, which is less than 5. So, we replace the units digit by 0 to get the rounded off number.
Hence, rounded off number = 50000.
Note:
For estimating to the nearest 10, we look at the digit in the ones
place. If it is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4 we replace it by zero. If the digit in
the ones place is 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9 we replace it by zero. If the digit
in the ones place is 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 we replace it by zero and increase
the digit in the tens place by 1.
Word Problems on Estimate to Nearest Tens:
1. A shop sold 47 apples. Estimate to the nearest tens.
Solution:
The given number is 47.
Its ones or unit digit is 7, which is greater than 5. So, we replace the ones digit by 0 and increase the tens digit by 1 to get the rounded off number.
Hence, 47 is rounded off as 50 to the nearest tens.
Answer: 50
2. A student scored 62 marks. Estimate the score.
Solution:
The given number is 62.
Its ones or unit digit is 2, which is less than 5. So, we replace the ones digit by 0 to get the rounded off number.
Hence, 62 is rounded off as 60 to the nearest tens.
Answer: 60
3. There are 88 books in a library. Estimate to nearest tens.
Solution:
The given number is 88.
Its ones or unit digit is 8, which is greater than 5. So, we replace the ones digit by 0 and increase the tens digit by 1 to get the rounded off number.
Hence, 88 is rounded off as 90 to the nearest tens.
Answer: 90
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